Transactional analysis
Transactional
analysis is a technique used to help people better understand
their own and other's behaviour,
especially in interpersonal relationships.
“Transactional
Analysis refers to a method of analysing
and understanding interpersonal behaviour. Transactional Analysis offers a model of personality and the dynamics of
self and its relationship to others that makes possible a clear and meaningful
discussion of behaviour.”
The Transactional
Analysis refers to the psychoanalytic process wherein the
interpersonal behaviours are studied. In other words, a social psychological
model that talks about the personal growth and personal change, i.e.,
identifying the ego states of each individual to understand their behaviours
and altering them to solve the emotional problems.
This model was
originally developed by Dr Eric Berne,
who during his observation found that his patients behaved in a way as if
several different people were inside them. This forced him to study the
personality and dynamics of self and its relationship with others which helped
in determining the kinds of behaviours that an individual shows in different
real time situations.
Now, this
study has become a well-established approach and is being widely used in
several fields such as psychotherapy, counselling, education, organizational
development, etc. The transactional analysis gives birth to several models that
help in explaining the relationship formed between the individuals as a result
of their interactions.
Thus, when people
interact with each other, the social transaction gets created which shows how
people are responding and behaving with each other, the study of such
transactions between people is called as the transactional analysis.
Transactional
analysis, in another way, can also be defined as language within a language, to
reflect the true meaning, feeling, and motive of the communicator. It helps us
to understand the environment and then decide our choice of ego states while
communicating with others. Because of its all - encompassing effects, transaction
analysis is used in the theory of personality, communication, and understanding
the behavioural pattern of the people.
Benefits
and Utility of Transactional
Analysis:
Transactional analysis is an approach
towards understanding human behaviour. It is particularly useful in studying
interpersonal relationships.
The understanding of Transactional Analysis can help us in the following ways:
1. Improved Interpersonal Communication:
With the help of Transactional Analysis people can understand their own
personalities. It can help them understand why people sometimes respond as they
do. With the help of Transactional
Analysis, a manager can understand when a cross communication occurs and he
can immediately take steps to convert into complementary communication. As a result,
there will be improvement in interpersonal communication.
2.
Source of Psychic Energy:
The purpose of Transactional Analysis is to bring positive approach towards life
and hence positive actions. A clear change can be brought from negative
feelings to positive feelings. Such a change from negative attitude to positive
attitude is a source of psychic energy. Thus, the application of Transactional Analysis can enhance the
trust and credibility felt towards the organisations which are essential for
good employee relations.
3.
Understanding the Ego states:
With the help of Transactional Analysis, managers will be able to identify the ego
states from which both parties are interacting. A better understanding of
themselves and of other people will make them more comfortable, confident and
effective. The improved interpersonal relations will make the organisation more
effective. This will lead to self-development of individuals also.
4.
Motivation:
Transactional
Analysis helps in changing the managerial styles more
suitable to the emergent situation. Transactional
Analysis can be applied very successfully in motivation where it will help
in satisfying human needs through complementary transactions and positive
strokes. If the manager emphasises adult-adult interaction with life position “I am OK, you are OK, it will be
motivating for employees and beneficial to the organisation as a whole.”
5.
Organisational Development:
Transactional
Analysis can help in organisational development process. How to
communicate with different level of peoples within the organisation i.e., junior
to senior
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